पृष्ठम्:A Sanskrit primer (1901).djvu/३६

20 Introduction. IV. a. The nu-class (fifth or su-class); the syllable a nu is added to the root; thus, I sunu from 1' su, 'press.' b. A very small number of roots (only half-a-dozen) ending already in a n, and also one very common and irregularly inflected root not 80 ending (or kr, make'), add 3 u alone to form the present-stem. This is the eighth or tan-class of the Hindu gram- marians; it is best ranked as a sub-class, the u-class; thus, a tanu from varatan, stretch.' V. The nã-class (ninth or krī-class); the syllable at nā (or, in weak forms, it ni) is added to the root; thus, mtu krāņā (or anut krāṇī) from 1 krī, “buy”. See note**, p. 32. Second Conjugation. . VI. The a-class, or unaccented a-class (first or bhū-class); the added class-sign is a sinply; and the root, which bears the accent, is strengthened by guna throughout, if it be capable of taking guna (see $$ 52-53); thus, ha bháva (through the inter- mediate stage bhó-a) from v 4 bhú, “be.' VII. The à-class, or accented a-class (sixth or tud-class); the added class-sign is a, as in the preceding class; but it has the accent, and the unaccented root is not strengthened by guna; thus, az tudá from 1' az tud, 'thrust.' VIII. The ya- class (fourth or div-class); ya is added to the root, which has the accent; thus, a divya from vata dīv (by the Hindus given as fadir), “play.' IX. The passive conjugation is also properly a present-system only, having a class-sign which is not extended into the other systems; though it differs markedly from the remaining classes in having a specific meaning, and in being formable from all tran- sitive verbs, but with endings of the middle voice only. It forms S m Univ Calif - Digitized by Microsoft ®