पृष्ठम्:A Sanskrit primer (1901).djvu/३७

Introduction. 21 ad, its stem by adding an accented yu to the root; thus, from y v a adya; from 1 To rudh, Tu rudhyá. 79. Roots are not wholly limited, even in the later language, to one mode of formation of their present-stem, but are sometimes reckoned as belonging to two or more different conjugation-classes. 80. The verbs of our second conjugation show much greater simplicity of formation and inflection and are far more frequent and numerous than those of our first; their paradigms will there- fore be given before those of our first. al Prepositions and Prepositional Prefixes. 81. Prepositions, or, more strictly speaking, adverbial prefixes, are used with verbs quite as frequently in Sanskrit as in Greek; and more than one may be prefixed. Thus when y qy budh+ anu is given in the vocabulary, this signifies that the preposition g is prefixed to the proper verbal form; and the 3rd sing. pres. ind. act. of the verb would then be atyfa anubodhati; so dha + FR-UT (or ĦĦT) sam-ă, 3rd sing. HATGETfa samādadhāti. The rules prevailing in Greek for the prefixion of prepositions, etc., to verbal forms will be found to hold good in Sanskrit. 82. There is in Sanskrit no proper class of prepositions (in the modern sense of the term); no body of words baving as their exclusive office the “ government” of nouns. But many adverbial words are used with nouns in a way which approximates them to the more fully developed prepositions of other languages. Words are used prepositionally along with all the noun-cases, except the dative (and of course the nominative and vocative). But in general their office is directive only, determining more definitely, or strengthening, the proper case-use of the noun. NOUI NO 00UI. Univ Calif - Digitized by Microsoft ®