पृष्ठम्:Birds in Sanskrit literature.djvu/१५९

Birds in Sanskrit Literature occipital crest of lengthened feathers and two elongate erectile sub-cylin- drical fleshy horns one from above each eye; these usually lie concealed by the crest, and are only erected when the bird shows off. There is also a brilliantly coloured apron-shaped gular wattle or lappet, that can be spread or withdrawn at pleasure." They have a bleating call in the breeding season (Hume & Oates). 280 The Crimson Horned Pheasant is mostly crimson above and below, spotted over with white black-edged ocelli. The horns are larger in the breeding season, at times over three inches in length. The Western Horned Pheasant generally resembles the crimson variety though it has less of red and more of black in its plumage. Its names in Hindi are if (Horned Pheasant), for (fr. Persian a head-ornament, and a beautiful: or by fusion from Sansk. जिगनु fire and जुहुराण a goat; ("जुहुराण: अग्निः छाग:"- उणादि श्वेतवनवासिन् 1.93), and फ़ल्गुर (corrupted from बल्गु a goat, विकाण्डशेष, मेदिनी). The bird is undoubtedly a fafest, and the Lahore Edition of the orafgar has for a kind of faf bird, but there is no such word in the dictiona- ries, m, 6.43 has 7 (a goat) instead, so that in v is evidently a mistake for ¹ (a goat). The Tragopan has not only a pair of horns but also the bleat of a goat, and ax or as a bird is no other than the Tragopan. The argmentions as a Himalayan bird : "जीवञ्जीवकनादैश्च हेमकानां च नादितैः । मत्तकोकिलनादैश्च वल्गूनां च निनादितः ॥" 36.3. It is also a bird of the woods on the banks of the Tamasã in the . “विनादितं सारसमुत्कुलादिभिः •प्रमत्तदात्यूहकुलंन वल्गुभिः ।" –अयोध्यामाहात्म्य, Ch. 9. In the latter case the term e can also mean 'sweet-voiced', but looking to the general sense of the passage it would appear to be a bird-name. Yet another possible name for it may be fe as a kind of bird given in कल्पद्रुकोश ("ऋतुष्टिस्तु यज्ञार्हो) which is from तु will determination or संकल्प ( क मनाधीनचित्तवृत्तिविशेष: शब्दकल्पद्रुम sub voce ऋतु) and यष्टि a stickie a horn in the case of a bird; cf. fe and fee for the Water Cock which carries a red, flat, horny shield projecting from the head. gafe thus means a bird which can erect its horn-like appendages at will; cf. the meaning of ऋतु in :- “स यथाकामो भवति तत्ऋतुर्भवति । यत्ऋतुर्भवति तत्कर्म कुरुते"-- - बृहदारण्यकोपनिषद्, 4.4.5. Being a kind of Partridge or game-bird it has been declared fit for sacrifice (यज्ञाहं ). 1. बर्कर as a bird-name occurs in विष्णुधर्मोत्तर, 1.151.43 where बर्कशान् is clear mistake for बर्करान् Peafowls, Junglefowls, Pheasants, and Quails 2. M. Williams renders gun as the Common Cock (Phasianus gallus) which appears to be incorrect, for Emperor Jehangir describes a bird under the name of in his Memoirs and his description fully means 'resembling a flower and agrees with that of the Tragopan. is evidently an extempore or off-hand Urdu rendering of Sansk. goraga (bird like a flower). This last name also means a spotted bird (gera spot, referring to the spotted body of the Crimson Horned Pheasant) but looking to the colour pattern of the bird the first may well be the intended meaning, gore again, (gr flower or spot and a body) a bird in the list quoted from पराशर in the बृहत्संहिता (भट्टोत्पल-टीका p. 1018) appears to be this bird just as of the same list is clearly the Ostrich which not only has long legs and neck like a camel but also only two toes like him. The Ostrich must have been known as an imported bird. It is evidently the Camel Crane of the Chinese Traveller, Ju-Kua, who mentions it in his description of the Chinese and Arab trade of the 12-13th century.³ 281 3. The Blood Pheasant is noted for the unusually large number of spurs he wears on his legs-two to four and even five of them. The female also has two on each leg. शारपद of चरक (fr. शार. hurting or सार strong; cf. rs for the Grey Partridge and were for the Cock) and (having spurs resembling a plough-share; cf. erfor) of the list of Himalayan birds in , 118, 54 probably refer to this bird. His voice is 'a peculiar cry not unlike the squeal of the Kite' (S. Baker) and the vernacular names like चिलमिलि (cf. चिल्ल for kite) and सेरेमिन (cf. चिरम्भण for the Kite) seem to point to the bird's original Sanskrit names like चिल्ल-कुक्कुट or चिरम्भण-कुक्कुट which have now been lost. 4. Another bird to claim the names सारपाद and सीरपाद (कुक्कुट ) is the Red Spur-fowl of the Nepal Terai (and related forms occurring in other parts of the country) which too is armed with two to four spurs in the male and one or two in the female. It is known as 'Sárvä' in Tamil country. The propriety of these names would seem to lie in the fact that both the Cock and the hen of the Blood-Pheasant and the Red Spur-fowl are furnished with spurs whereas in the Common Junglefowl the male alone bears this character. The Peacock Pheasant, however, also carries two or more spurs but he is better named after after the protection the hen gives to her chicks who walk under the cover of her broad tail. Again, the Red spur-fowl, though a member of the Partridge group, looks like a small fowl and might well have been known in Sanskrit as कुक्कुटक (अल्पायें, प्रकारार्थे कम्). Its Hindi name is indeed छोटी जंगली मुरगी (the small jungle fowl). 1. Presumably on the basis of a lexical equation like gura: e which, however, is correct in a way inasmuch as the horned bird is big enough to pass for a kind of Cock. 2. Tuzuk-i-Jehangiri; Vol. II. 221. 3. Penzer's Ocean of Story. Vol. 1. 4. सीरहल, and the latter term has actually been used for the Cock's spur in the expression "ताम्म्रचूडहल" ponding passage of विष्णुधर्मोत्तर, 1.151, 42-48 rrads शारपाद. in यशस्तिलकचम्पू at p. 296, But the corres