38 GANITASARASANGRAHA CHAPTER III. FRACTIONS. The Second Subject of Treatment. 1. Unto that excellent Lord of the Jinas, by whom the tree of karman has been completely uprooted, and whose lotus-like feet are enveloped in the halo of splendour proceeding from the tops of the crowns belonging to the chief sovereigns in all the three worlds -(unto that Lord of the Jmnas), I bow in devotion. Hereafter, we shall expound the second subject of treatment known as Kalasavarnu* (te, fractions). Multiplication of Fractions. The rule of work here, in relation to the multiplication of fractions, is as follows - 2. In the multiplication of fractions, the numerators are to be multiplied by the numerators and the denominators by the denominators, after carrying out the process of cross-reduction, if that be possible in relation to them. Examples in illustration thereof 3. Tell me, friend, what a person will get for of a pala of dried ginger, if he gets of a pana for 1 pala of such ginger. 4. Where the price of 1 pala of pepper is of a pana, there, say, what the price will be of g of a pala. 5. A person gets of a pala of long pepper for 1 pana. O arithmetician, mention, after multiplying, what (he gets) for panas. 6. Where a merchant buys of a pala of cumin seeds for 1 pana, there, O you who possess complete knowledge, mention what (he buys) for panas. 7. The numerators of the given fractions begin with 2 and go on increasing gradually by 2; again their denominators begin
- Kalisava a literally means parts resembling , since kala denotes the
sixteenth part. Hence the term Kaläsavarna has come to signify fractions in general. 2. Whenx is reduced as 3 x 1, the process of cross-reduction is applied. 7. The fractions herein mentioned are: 3, , , &c.
