पृष्ठम्:Sanskrit Introductory.djvu/१२०

15.3 The Text Body Turn to the first page of the body of the Dhatu-Patha: after the heading the rest of the page, and subsequent pages, are divided into two columns. In the lefthand column the first entry is: This is the first dhatu (bhu) together with its artha, or 'meaning', (sattayam). Following this are a few lines of technical information which may be ignored, and the next entry is: ^r pji and so on. Note the layout which gives the dhatu and artha in two columns: there may be more than one dhatu in the first column, and the artha may spread over more than one line. For example, a little lower down is the entry: =TT*J, ^TPJ WTTrTTWqf- Y^t:^l giving both dhatu the same artha. In the Dhatu-Patha each dhatu usually has an extra syllable appended to the end of it, and sometimes one appended before it: for example, the above four appear in the dictionary as ^T ^T *TPT and »TT*T. These extra syllables are called anubandha (lit. 'bound along with'), and encode further grammatical information which is not now required: our interest at this stage is in the basic dhatu and its artha. The artha is generally expressed in saptamT vibhakti, which may be translated as 'in the sense of. For example, the dhatu edh (to prosper, increase, become happy grow strong- mw231c) is used 'in the sense of vrddhi (growth, success, fortune, etc. — MWlOlla)'. Thus all words derived from this dhatu have this sense of expansive good fortune — a sense that may be overlooked in some of the English words offered in translation. Where the artha is a single word, the eka-vacana form is used; when two words (formed into a samasa), the dvi-vacana form; and when three or more words, the bahu-vacana form. When the artha has two or more words, the compound formed is an itaretara dvandva samasa (see ll.B.l), forming a simple list of words which, not compounded, would be expressed in the same vibhakti and be joined together with ^T (and). In this type of samasa only the last word of the compound takes a vibhakti ending; the others remain in their pratipadika form.