पृष्ठम्:The Sanskrit Language (T.Burrow).djvu/२९७

THE VERB 29I Gk. jSguVoj, Lat. venio from g*-en-), ksam- * to endure 4 , by meta- thesis for *zgham-, cf. Pasta zyamdl 4 id 1 (: sagh - 4 to be equal to, endure ’), bhram - ‘ to revolve, wander ' (: bkur- 4 to be in uneasy motion -i: jri-, jrdyati , 'to move y ray a sand- 'extending": jar- 4 to move Ir, zar - 4 id 4 ; ksi-, ksdyati 4 to rule ", as opposed to ksatrd - * sovereignty ' and Gk. Kraopiai ‘ possess 4 ; sri-, srdyati 4 to lean Gk. kXIvqs, etc. (:Lith. atsikalti 1 to lean against Russ, klon 4 inclination etc.). Alternative forms of root appear in the conjugation of svi-, su- ' to swell si (' :5m-), sa- 1 to bind and si-, sd- 4 to sharpen It has not in these cases become completely incorporated, but it shows a tendency in the direction. -u : sru- 1 to hear 4 : the unextended form of the root appears in the Skt. present, sr-no-ti ; elsewhere the ujo, which appears as part of the suffixal complex in this form, is per- manently attached to the root. Other examples are dru- 4 to run 4 (: dram-, drd- above) and sru- ‘ to flow ’ (sat- 4 to move, flow cf. sarit- 4 river '). -«h/h : gd - 4 to go 4 (: gam- above), yd - 4 to go 4 (: i- 4 id '), psd- 1 to devour Gk. iftw cu 4 chew 1 (: bhas - 4 to devour ), drd- 4 to run ' (: dram-, etc.), mnd- 4 to note 4 (: man - 4 to think '), tr a- 4 to rescue 4 (: if- 4 to cross 4 ), pyd- 4 to swell (udder) 4 (: pi- 4 id '), pi - [piy-) * to abuse 1 (i.e. pi- H- : pis - in pisuna - 4 malicious, tale-bearing Gk. m*rpos, etc.). A series of roots belonging to the ninth class contain this enlargement. The simple form of the root appears in the present tense, where the #h/h suffix is separated from it by the intervening n-suffix with which it is combined : e.g. prnati 4 fills 4 for pl-n-du-ti as opposed to purna- 4 full 4 for ppu-no-. Similar cases are yu- 4 to be swift 4 (jundti, jiitd-), pu- 4 to purify 4 ( punati , putd -), stf- 4 to strew 4 ( strndti , stirnd-) and so on. The enlargement tends to be introduced into the present tense, so that from mi - 4 to damage 4 for instance there appear both mindti and mindti. In some cases the root appears only with the enlargement in the present tense, e.g. bhrinati, Av. brinmii f cut * and krindti 4 buys though in the latter case the metre of the Rgveda in- dicates a pronunciation krindti. -t : krt- 4 to cut 4 (: Gk, Kelpaj ) , cit- 4 to perceive ' {ci- 4 id ') ; in combination with i, mrit- ' to fall in pieces 4 (mf- 4 to crush 4 , mrd- 4 id 4 ), ivit- 4 to be bright' (: iuc- 4 to gleam 4 , iubh-