पृष्ठम्:The Sanskrit Language (T.Burrow).djvu/३२

SANSKRIT AND INDO-EUROPEAN 25 Voty. pars , paris ‘ pig ' was ascribed to an Aryan *parsa- ( — Lat. porctts) and this is now attested by Khotanese pd'sa -. (5) Finn, or as 1 (castrated) boar Mordv. ures 1 id ' : Skt. vardha -, Av. vardza- ‘ boar (6) Finn. Mordv. aiar, Cer. vodar 4 udder 7 ; Skt. Udhar " ' id * ; (7) Finn, ora , Mordv. uro, Hung, dr ' awl* : Skt. ard ‘ id ’ ( — OHG ala, etc.); (8) Hung, ostor ‘ whip Vog. osier , Cer. wostyr : Skt. dstrd, Av. as/ra ' whip r (J~aj- ‘ to drive ’) ; (9) Hung, arany ' gold Vog. sureri, saren, Mordv. sirne, Zyry. Voty. zarm : Skt. hiranya Av. zaranya- ; (10) Finn. ara> 4 value, price Hung. a>, etc. : Skt. arghd *, Osset, ary ' id ' (Lith. alga, etc.) ; (11) Finn, sisar 1 sister Mordv. sazor, Cer. iuzar : Skt. svdsar-. Av. x Y aykar - ; (12) Hung, 4 beer Voty. sur, Vog. sor t Osty. sar : Skt. swra 4 strong drink Av. hurd ; (13) Finn, sarvi ' horn Mordv. iuro, Cer. sur, Lapp coarwe , Hung, szarv : Av. srvd ‘horn' ( = Gk. xepas, etc.); (14) Vog. suorp , ior/j * elk ' : Skt. sarabhd- 4 a kind of deer ' (from the root of the last) ; (15) Mordv. sed f 4 bridge ' : Skt. sdtu-, Av. haetu - ; (16) Mordv. v^rgas ' wolf Zyry, vtirkas : Skt. vfka Av. vdhrka - ; (17) Zyry, Voty, /wrm 4 grass ' : Skt. ; (18) Zyry. i/orA 4 kidney J : Skt. vrkkd-, Av. vzrthka- 4 id 1 ; (19) Vog. /as ‘ stranger ' ; Skt. ddsd- 4 non-Aryan, slave ' ; (20) Hung. vdszon ' linen ' : Skt. vdsana- 4 garment, cloth (21} Fi. mehi- Idinen 1 bee Mordv. mekS, Cer. Zyry. Voty. mus , Hung. mih : Skt. maks-, mdksd , mdksikd 4 bee, fly Av. maxst 4 fly ' ; (22) Fi. siika-nen ‘ beard of grain, etc. 1 , Mordv. iwva, Cer. iw, Zyry, s« : Skt. swAa- 4 id 7 ; (23) Mordv, sava, seja 4 goat 7 : Skt. chiga The detailed problems raised by these and other comparisons are not without complications, but certain general conclusions emerge clearly. Most important of all is the fact that, taking the words as a whole, the primitive forms which have to be assumed after a comparison of the Finno-Ugrian forms, are identical with those which have been reconstructed for primi- tive Indo-Iranian, and are free of any of the later sound changes which are characteristic of Iranian on the one hand and Indo-Aryan on the other. This is quite well illustrated by the first word which represents a primitive form sata- (the Indo- Iranian and Sanskrit form) and not sata - (the Iranian form). The characteristic Iranian change of s to h is uniformly absent (3 Mordv, azoro , n Mordv, sazor , 15 Mordv. sed etc.). Like-