पृष्ठम्:The Sanskrit Language (T.Burrow).djvu/३२९

THE VERB 323 certain verbs on the reduplication (dadhdti, etc.). The latter type is most prevalent in the Vedic language, appearing often when the later language has radical accent ( bibharti : bibhdrti ). Greek has also accent of the reduplication (SIScj/m, etc.), but the apophony indicates that radical accent must be original in the three persons of the singular active. On the other hand accent of the reduplication appears to be ancient in the 3 pi. active, where both root and ending appear in weakened form ; dddati , sascati .. In the weak forms the normal accent nation of the terminations is found, with the exception that the accent is thrown back on to the reduplicating syllable when the ter- mination begins with a vowel (juhve, bibhre, etc.). This de- velops in the post- Vedic period (V. juhvd) from the analogy of the 3rd person plural. The weakening of the radical vowel results in samprasarana in the case of vyac- [viviktds) and hvar - ( juhurthds ), and in loss of syllable in sac- and bhas- (3 pi. sascati , bapsati ). Roots in long a are treated variously. In the commonest, del- and dhd- t the root is fully reduced and the vowel elided : dadvds , dadmds ; dadhvds, dadkmds, etc. In the case of other roots this type is superseded by one in which the vowel -i- t or more usually -2- is inserted between the reduced form of the root and the termina- tion. The short appears in some forms from the root hd- 1 to leave ' : jah-i-mas, jahihi, etc. This reduplicated formation may be compared to the type svapiti of the root class. Normally however the vowel is long : sis-i-hi (sd- ' to sharpen '), mimtte [md- 1 to measure ’), rarithas (rd- ' to bestow '), etc. The pre- valence of the long vowel is due to rhythmical reasons, and the suffixal l balances the d of the root in such a way that the two have acquired the appearance of being the strong and weak forms of the root. The nu - and u- Classes (Fifth and Eighth, su- and tan- classes) Present, Active, S. 1 sunonti , 2 sunosi, 3 sunoti „ D. 1 sunuvds, etc. ... P. 3 sunvdnti, Middle, S. 1 sunvd, 2 sunusd . . . . P. 3 sunvdte . Imperfect, Active, S. 1 dsunavam, 2 dsunos , 3 dsunot, D. 1 dsunuva . ... P. 3 asunvan , Middle, S. 1 dsunvi , 2 dsunuthds, 3 asunuta , D. x dsunuvahi. ... P. 3 dsunvata. About 50 roots make presents according to this class. Typical examples are : rnoti ' rises ' (cf. Gk. opvvfii ). strnoti ‘ strews * (cf. Gk. OTopvvpu), ksinoti ' destroys ' (cf, Gk. <j> 6 tvio,