पृष्ठम्:The Sanskrit Language (T.Burrow).djvu/३३४

THE VERB 328 Beside the root yuj- ' to join ' for instance there is also a simpler root yu- (yduti) with the same meaning. Evidence of the same kind is available in the case of a number of roots : e.g. chid- ' to cut cf. chydti 1 cuts child- ‘ cut ' ; tic- ‘ to leave rindkti , cf. rinati 1 lets flow ' ; ltd - ' to pierce trndtti , cf. tfna- ' grass Engl, thorn ; krt- ' to spin *, krnatti, cf. Lat. colus ‘ distaff In such cases the analysis of the forms of this class is the same as of those of the other two nasal classes : 5 kl-n-dw-ti ( srndti ), 9 pl-n-dn-li (prnati), 7 yu-n-dg-ti (yunakti). At the same time not all forms can be explained in this way, e.g. andkti ‘ anoints Once the infixing class was established through the incorporation of the second suffix, it attracted a certain number of other roots which did not belong to the original nucleus. B, Thematic Presents Radically Accented Class (First or bhu - class) Present, Active, S. 1 bhdvdmi , 2 bhdvasi , 3 bhdvati , D. 1 bhd - vdvas, 2 bhdvathas , 3 bhdvatas , P. 1 bhavdmas, 2 bhdvatha , 3 bhdvanti. Middle, S. 1 bhave, 2 bhdvase , 3 bhavate , D. 1 bhdvdvahe , 2 bhavethe , 3 bhdvete, P. 1 bhavdmahe, 2 bhavadhve , 3 bhavante. Imperfect, Active, S. 1 dbhavam, 2 dbhavas , 3 dbhavat, D. 1 dbhavava , 2 dbhavatam , 3 dbhavat dm, P. 1 dbhavdma , 2 dbhavata, 3 dbhavan. Middle, S. 1 dbhave , 2 dbhavathds , 3 dbhavata, D. 1 dbhavavaki, 2 dbhnvethdni, 3 dbhavetdm, P. 1 dbhavamahi, 2 dbhavadhvam , 3 dbhavanta. This is the commonest of all the present classes in Sanskrit, being formed by nearly half of the verbal roots in the language. The predominance of thematic formations is paralleled in the nominal stems, and it recurs in other IE languages. Direct equations between Sanskrit and other languages, attesting IE forms, are commoner in this class than anywhere. Examples are : pldvate, prdvate ‘ floats Gk. 7 ri(F)a) ; srdvati * flows Gk. ptei ; svdnati 1 sounds O. Lat. sonil ; stanati ‘ roars Gk. crrtvei ; bhdrati 1 bears Gk. pepw, La t. fero, Goth, bairip, Ir. berid, O. SI. beretu ; cdrati 1 goes J , Gk. WA ofiai, Lat. colo ; bodhati 1 understands Gk. ntvdo^cu ; josate f enjoys Gk. ytvopLCLL * taste ’, Goth, kiusip ‘ tests, chooses 1 ; rodhati, rohati "grows 1 , Goth, liudi p ; osati ‘bums', Gk. evco, Lat. uro ]